Groundbreaking designs from 71 countries compete for top honours at the World Architecture Festival 2024 (WAF 2024) in Singapore, showcasing the future of sustainable and innovative architecture
The World Architecture Festival (WAF) 2024 has unveiled its shortlist, showcasing over 480 innovative projects from 71 countries across 33 categories. Set to take place at Singapore’s Marina Bay Sands from November 6-8, the event will feature industry giants like Zaha Hadid Architects, Renzo Piano Building Workshop, Kohn Pedersen Fox, and emerging talents competing for prestigious awards.
A panel of 175 experts will judge entries, culminating in the World Building of the Year award. This year’s shortlist highlights China, Australia, the UK, India, and Singapore as top contributors. Singapore’s architectural excellence is particularly prominent, with firms such as WOHA, Formwerkz, DP Architects, and SCDA Architects presenting projects that blend urban innovation with sustainable design principles.
Among the diverse array of entries, we’ve compiled a list of 10 of the most unique and groundbreaking projects that showcase cutting-edge architectural innovation at this year’s festival.
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1. National Star Observatory, Troodos Mountains, Cyprus

Above National Star Observatory, Troodos Mountains, Cyprus by Kyriakos Tsolakis Architects (Photo: Aaron Miles)
The National Star Observatory in Cyprus’ Troodos Mountains, designed by Kyriakos Tsolakis Architects, is a groundbreaking astronomical research centre set 1,200 meters above sea level in the Unesco-listed Troodos Geopark.
This innovative project, inspired by Star Wars, was designed to integrate seamlessly with the rugged landscape. Featuring a striking domed structure that appears to emerge organically from the rocky terrain, the design also respects and enhances the natural beauty of its surroundings, which include forests, fields, orchards, and vineyards spread across 115 hectares.
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2. Texoversum, Reutlingen, Germany

Above Texoversum, Reutlingen, Germany by allmannwappner, Menges Scheffler Architekten, Jan Knippers Ingenieure (Photo: Brigida González)
Texoversum, a cutting-edge university building in Reutlingen, Germany, was designed by Allmannwappner and Menges Scheffler Architekten in collaboration with Jan Knippers Ingenieure.
This university building dedicated to textile studies is enveloped in a striking web of glass and carbon fibres, creating a visual spectacle that embodies its cutting-edge purpose. Inside, Texoversum houses a diverse array of spaces tailored to modern textile education and research. These include offices, workshops, a university store, collaboration areas, and a state-of-the-art CNC robot workspace.
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3. Seddülbahir Fortress by KOOP Architects: AOMTD (Arzu Ozsavasci Architecture)

Above Seddülbahir Fortress by KOOP Architects: AOMTD (Arzu Ozsavasci Architecture) (Photo: Egemen Karakaya)
A remarkable feat of architectural preservation, KOOP Architects: AOMTD has transformed the Seddülbahir Fortress on Turkey's Gallipoli Peninsula into a compelling historical narrative. The 25-year project involved extensive archival research, archaeological excavations, and innovative conservation techniques. Notably, the architects chose to preserve certain war-damaged sections, such as the West and South Towers, as evocative ruins.
The Main Gate was meticulously reconstructed, while other areas were sensitively restored to their pre-war state. This nuanced approach creates a multi-layered experience, allowing visitors to traverse centuries of Ottoman history and the stark realities of World War I within a single site.
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4. Preston Level Crossing Removal Project, Preston, Australia

Above Preston Level Crossing Removal Project, Preston, Australia by Wood Marsh Architecture (Photo: Peter Bennetts)
In a significant stride towards modernising Melbourne’s urban landscape, the Melbourne-based Wood Marsh Architecture has completed the development of Bell and Preston rail stations, part of Victoria’s ambitious Level Crossing Removal Project. These stations, vibrant with colour and dynamic forms, transcend mere transit points to become notable spaces fostering community engagement and cultural inclusivity.
Key to their design is the incorporation of indigenous elements, which enhance the stations’ cultural resonance. Elevated above the Mernda Line, the stations seamlessly connect with expansive green spaces equivalent to three Melbourne Cricket Grounds, developed in collaboration with Tract Consultants.
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5. Natural Connection: OLM Nature Escape Eco-Aparthotel, Campo Tures, Italy

Above Natural Connection: OLM Nature Escape Eco-Aparthotel, Campo Tures, Italy by Andreas Gruber Architects (Photo: Manuel Kottersteger)
Nestled in South Tyrol, Italy, OLM Nature Escape Eco-Aparthotel by Andreas Gruber Architects exemplifies luxury and sustainability. Opened on December 1, 2023, this four-star retreat features 33 elegant Eco ApartSuites in Alpine style, clad in larch wood.
As the first fully autonomous tourist resort in the Alps, OLM employs photovoltaics, geothermal and hydroelectric power, and an artesian well, achieving CO2 neutrality and an annual energy surplus. Using local materials like stone and spruce and adhering to ecological practices, OLM creates a sanctuary that enhances its natural surroundings.
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6. Rhodes House Transformation, Oxford, United Kingdom

Above Rhodes House Transformation, Oxford, United Kingdom by Stanton Williams (Photo: Hufton and Crow)
Stanton Williams’ transformation of Rhodes House in Oxford is a masterclass in architectural revitalisation, sensitively combining respect for historic integrity with modern functionality. The project doubles the building’s usable space and significantly boosts its environmental performance.
A striking spiral stone staircase now graces the Rotunda, fulfilling architect Sir Herbert Baker’s vision for a central sculptural element. Elsewhere, a new 50-seat Garden Pavilion offers a serene, sunlit space for intellectual exchange, while a state-of-the-art 300-seat Conference Hall with a vaulted roof provides ample room for gatherings. These thoughtful interventions enhance accessibility, create vibrant new community spaces, and honour the building’s rich heritage.
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7. Architectural Design Of Liangzi Island Off-island Pier, Rational and Emotional, Ezhou, China

Above Architectural Design Of Liangzi Island Off-island Pier, Rational and Emotional, Ezhou, China by UAO Design (Photo: Yilong Zhao)
UAO Design’s transformation of the Liangzi Island Off-island Pier harmonises historical charm with contemporary elegance on China’s Liangzi Lake. Inspired by an old stone-walled fishing village, the architects created a visitor centre that extends into the sea, offering breathtaking sunset views.
Symbolising ‘going home’, the design features elements like large glass surfaces, warm lighting, and grassy slopes, evoking the imagery of fisherman’s lights and lighthouses. The structure includes sheltered waiting greenhouses and a central ‘tent’ with a circular glass skylight, parallelogram roof, and oblique columns, blending functionality with an emotive architectural narrative.
8. 6x18 Slender House, Delhi, India by Spaces Architects@ka

Above 6x18 Slender House, Delhi, India by Spaces Architects@ka (Photo: Bharat Aggarwal)
Slender House, designed by Spaces Architects@ka, is a remarkable residential project in Delhi that transforms a narrow 6x18 meter site into a spacious, light-filled family home. The architects achieved this by incorporating staggered cut-outs and strategically placed skylights, creating a sense of openness and connection despite the compact footprint.
Prioritising thoughtful design over expansive square footage, the house features a mix of open floor plans, sculptural elements, and unique finishes like a leather granite wall. Emphasising natural light and cross-ventilation, Slender House demonstrates how intelligent design can enhance urban living without sacrificing intimacy or functionality.
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9. Sanctuary Pet Crematorium, Singapore by Formwerkz Architects

Above Sanctuary Pet Crematorium, Singapore by Formwerkz Architects. Photograph: Fabian Ong
Sanctuary Pet Crematorium in Kranji, Singapore, designed by Formwerkz Architects, redefines a typically utilitarian space with unexpected grace. From a distance, the structure is marked by a singular tower amidst lush greenery, creating a striking visual contrast. Inside, the cremation hall features walls lined with timber slats and is bathed in natural light from a skylight, offering a serene environment.
Awarded by the Singapore Institute of Architects for its innovative design, the project’s clear, strong roofs and simple layout provide clarity and orientation. The architects’ use of existing structures and the integration of new volumes create a harmonious balance, resulting in a poetic and soothing space appropriate to the sombre occasion.
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10. Tawa Refugio, Chile

Above Tawa Refugio, Chile by Contexto (Photo: Nicolas Gildemeister)
Inspired by the native Tagua bird, Tawa Refugio by Contexto in Chile’s Puelo Valley is a celebration of nature and architecture. This retreat comprises a series of uniquely designed volumes strategically placed to optimise views and ensure privacy, seamlessly integrating with the surrounding forest and riverbanks.
Each structure, connected by footbridges and nestled among myrtle trees and rocks, offers a harmonious connection with the natural landscape. The standout feature is the A-frame restaurant, which rises majestically where Lake Tagua Tagua meets the River Puelo. It provides breathtaking views of the mountains while sheltering visitors from the valley’s cold wind and rain.
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