Can you explain briefly what the following devices are meant to achieve, and how it compares to its equivalent in professional clinical treatments?

• LED masks:
  LED face masks typically use blue and red light to irradiate the face—blue light is meant to alter the skin microbiome and reduce oil production, while red light penetrates deeper to stimulate collagen production and increase blood circulation. Some companies go further and offer yellow, green, orange and purple lights, but there’s not enough scientific evidence to support their use. In the clinic, intense pulsed light can be used to achieve the above, especially [to treat] conditions such as acne and combat signs of age such as uneven pigmentation and dull skin. LED face masks can’t quite compare (and anyone with serious inflammatory acne should see a doctor) and will never be as effective as botulinum toxin or filler injections in cases where there are dynamic wrinkles or loss of volume.
  
  
• Microneedling:
  Microneedling involves the systematic creation of tiny microscopic skin injuries along the surface of the skin, which stimulates the skin to repair itself and increase the formation of collagen and elastin. DIY microneedling is often less powerful and less safe compared to professional microneedling—professional microneedles can go up to 3mm long and can be dangerous in amateur hands. There’s also a risk of infection from bacteria entering the skin if microneedling is done in a less than sterile way at home, [which is why going to] a professional with the technique and experience, who has worked with a variety of skin types, is important. Professional microneedling treatments also often include the application of medical grade topical treatments like kojic acid, hyaluronic acid and other growth factors which can provide an improved final result. 

• Microcurrent devices:
  Microcurrent devices utilise low-level electrical currents to stimulate and tighten facial muscles, thereby improving facial contours, and are a popular non-surgical facelift option. Professional devices use higher energy settings, which lead to more significant results. They are operated by trained professionals who can adjust device settings according to individual skin types and needs, thus ensuring optimal results and safety. At-home devices operate at lower energy levels and require consistent and correct use over time to see a gradual improvement, but they can be cost-effective supplements for maintaining results.
  
  
• Face massage tools: 
  Face massage tools and electronic toning devices are designed to stimulate blood circulation, reduce puffiness, promote lymphatic drainage, and potentially enhance the absorption of skincare products. In a professional setting, aestheticians are trained in specific massage techniques and can apply the right amount of pressure in the correct areas. However, jade rollers and gua sha tools can be beneficial for daily maintenance and relaxation. Professional toning treatments such as high intensity focused ultrasound, electromagnetic or radiofrequency lifting will yield more noticeable results, but can be complemented by the use of at-home electronic toning devices.

What is the correct way to use such devices so that it’s safe for our skin, and that it complements our skincare routine and clinical treatments?
Each device is different and may require specific techniques or precautions, so always read the instructions and use as recommended. (For example, microcurrent and ultrasonic devices often require a conductive gel.) Before using any device, ensure your skin is clean and free from makeup, so as to minimise the risk of skin irritation. [You should also] sterilise the device after each use to prevent the buildup of bacteria and viruses, which can lead to breakouts or infections. If you notice any redness, irritation or discomfort, stop using the device and consult a skincare professional. Not all devices are suitable for all skin types.

Are these devices a necessity for those who don’t have clinical treatments accessible to them?
While home-use beauty gadgets can be a beneficial addition to a skincare regimen for some, they aren’t a necessity for everyone. [And at the end of the day,] the cornerstones of good skincare are a consistent, simple routine, sun protection, and a healthy lifestyle. Good skincare products can deliver significant results when used correctly and consistently. But regular exercise, a balanced diet, adequate hydration and sufficient sleep can all significantly influence the skin’s appearance and health.

What are some common mistakes or dangers you see associated with at-home beauty devices?
I’ve seen skin irritation, sensitivity, and even burns in patients after using at-home devices. Sometimes it comes down to not reading the instructions properly—such as neglecting to use a conductive gel, or excessive use of the device. Certain devices should not be used on skin with active acne, rosacea or other inflammatory conditions that can be exacerbated. Before starting to use a new device, it’s best to consult with a skincare professional who can provide guidance based on your unique skin type and concerns.

Do you personally use any at-home devices? What is your favourite and what does it do for you?
I’m lucky as a doctor to have access to professional-grade devices on a daily basis so I don’t really use any at-home devices. I don’t have a particular favourite—it depends on what I’ve been doing or what I’m preparing for. If I’ve been to the desert and under the harsh sun, for example, then I let a couple weeks go by before commencing laser and intense pulsed light treatments to address sun damage or hyperpigmentation. If I’m getting ready for an event, I might do some botulinum toxin or filler touch-ups, combined with a quick non-invasive face lifting treatment. As I often tell my patients, you don’t need to have or use everything that exists—just what works for you!

This is part of a monthly column in collaboration with Dr Lisa Chan, a Hong Kong-based general practitioner who has an avid interest in medical beauty. Dr Chan, MBChB (CUHK), MScPD (Cardiff), PgDipPD (Cardiff), PGDipClinDerm (Lond), DipMed (CUHK), DCH (Sydney), also holds a master’s degree in practical dermatology with distinction at Cardiff University.

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