Did you know? Diwata-1 is the first microsatellite owned by the Philippines (Photo: official Gazette of the republic of the Philippines)
Cover Did you know? Diwata-1 is the first microsatellite owned by the Philippines (Photo: official Gazette of the republic of the Philippines)

Look at the night sky closely the next time you head out, because one of the glittering stars above you might just be one of the Philippines' satellites

According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), man-made satellites provide scientists and experts with a bird's-eye view of the Earth's large areas at one time. These objects give them the ability to collect data more quickly than instruments on the ground. Satellites can also see into space better than telescopes on the Earth's surface. 

There are a wide range of things that artificial satellites can do, from the complicated to the simple day-to-day necessities. For example, your local weatherman would know that without these objects, he simply cannot predict the weather in the coming days or weeks. The same goes for the tracking apps you use when driving around an unfamiliar town—without satellites, you would have gone the wrong way thrice before figuring the right path out. 

"Some take pictures of the planet that help meteorologists predict weather and track hurricanes. Some take pictures of other planets, the sun, black holes, dark matter or faraway galaxies. These pictures help scientists better understand the solar system and universe," NASA explained.

"Still other satellites are used mainly for communications, such as beaming TV signals and phone calls around the world. A group of more than 20 satellites make up the Global Positioning System, or GPS. If you have a GPS receiver, these satellites can help figure out your exact location," the group added. 

More from Tatler: No Deed Left Unsung: This 22-Year-Old Filipino Scientist Made a Two-Component Aircraft Sealant 

Did you know that the Philippines has also launched some satellites to space? Some were acquired, while others were crafted by the country's most brilliant minds. Learn more about them below: 

Agila 1

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Not the actual Agila 1 (Photo: Edvin Richardson/Pexels)
Above Not the actual Agila 1 (Photo: Edvin Richardson/Pexels)

The Philippines launched Agila 1 or Mabuhay on March 20, 1987 under the name Palapa B2-P. The satellite was initially under the Indonesian company PT Pasifik Satelit Nusantura until it was acquired in 1996 by the Mabuhay Satellite Corporation under PLDT. Upon its acquisition, Mabuhay officially became the country's first satellite. 

Related: The Hidden Stories of the Women in NASA

Agila 2

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ABS-3, formerly ABS-5, was initially named Agila 2 after the Philippine eagle (Photo: Wiki/Newpolus)
Above ABS-3, formerly ABS-5, was initially named Agila 2 after the Philippine eagle (Photo: Wiki/Newpolus)

Agila 2, which is also known as Mabuhay 1, was launched in 1997 as a communications satellite. Designed and built by the Space Systems for the Mabuhay Philippines Satellite Corporation, this object provided telecommunication services in the Asia-Pacific region. It contains 30 C-band transponders at 27 watts and 24 Ku-band transponders at 110 watts, combinable to 12 high-power 220-watt transponders, a combination that made it one of the most efficient satellites in the industry.

A single Agila 2 satellite transmits more than 190 channels of high-fidelity digital programming to cable companies and home satellite dishes, along with the capability to handle more than 50,000 simultaneous two-way telephone conversations. Its control station is located at the MPSX Space Centre in the Subic Bay Freeport Zone.

Diwata 1

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Diwata 1 is the first Filipino-built satellite (Photo: Department of Science and Technology)
Above Diwata 1 is the first Filipino-built satellite (Photo: Department of Science and Technology)

The country can never be more proud of the PHL microsat 1 or Diwata 1; it was, after all, was the first Filipino-made microsatellite in space. The project was part of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) Philippine Scientific Earth Observation Microsatellite (PHL-Microsat Program) which was initiated in December 2014.

Launched on March 23, 2016, the observation data transmitted by Diwata enabled the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) to make accurate forecasts and weather monitoring which is crucial in agriculture. It was also utilised to predict extreme weather phenomena such as El Niño (dry season).

A team of nine Filipino engineers from the DOST's Advanced Science and Technology Institute (ASTI) together with the University of the Philippines (UP) were responsible for the production of Diwata 1. 

Tatler Trivia: Diwata is the nickname of the program, named after a Filipino mythological character Diwata (fairy).

Maya 1

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Maya-1: The Philippines’ First CubeSat (Photo: Engineers Rule website)
Above Maya-1: The Philippines’ First CubeSat (Photo: Engineers Rule website)

Filipino nanosatellite Maya-1, which was developed by the Philippine Scientific Earth Observation Microsatellite Program (PHL-Microsat) and was jointly implemented by UP and DOST, was launched to space on June 19, 2018 via the Falcon 9 Full Thrust rocket at Cape Canaveral in Florida, U.S. 

The project was launched for the testing of commercial apparatus that will later help Filipinos build a future. The Maya 1 was also used to relay messages in the event typhoons render cellular services unavailable; it flew back to Earth on November 23, 2020, after staying in orbit for about two years and four months.

Tatler Trivia: Maya-1 was designed by PHL-Microsat scholars and Kyushu Institute of Technology (KIT) graduate students Joven Javier and Adrian Salces. 

Read also: There Could Be a Film Studio in Outer Space as Soon as 2024

Diwata 2

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An image of the Diwata-2 microsatellite (Photo: Department of Science and Technology)
Above An image of the Diwata-2 microsatellite (Photo: Department of Science and Technology)

A few years after Diwata 1 was sent to space, its successor, Diwata 2, was launched on October 29, 2018. The project was developed by 11 DOST scholars in cooperation with the Tohoku University and Hokkaido University. 

The satellite takes advantage of radio communication technology by carrying an amateur radio payload for disaster relief purposes.

See also: Astronaut Mark Vande Hei Breaks NASA Record for Longest Stay in Space

Maya 2

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An image of the second PH CubeSat Maya-2 launched to space station (Photo: Department of Science and Technology)
Above An image of the second PH CubeSat Maya-2 launched to space station (Photo: Department of Science and Technology)

The Philippines ' second cube satellite (CubeSat) Maya 2 was launched to the International Space Station (ISS) on February 21, 2021 aboard the SS Katherine Johnson Cynus spacecraft. It was developed by Filipino scholars sent to the Kyushu Institute of Technology.

Related: 7 Photos From Space That Look Like Art

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BIRDS-2 PH Team during Maya-2 Devt (Photo: BIRDS-4 Project)
Above BIRDS-2 PH Team during Maya-2 Devt (Photo: BIRDS-4 Project)

Developed and improved using the knowledge engineers acquired from its predecessor Maya-1, the 1.3 kilogramme CubeSat is equipped with a camera for image and video capture, an automatic packet reporting system message digipeater, attitude determination and control units for active attitude stabilization and control demonstrations, Perovskite solar cells and Latchup-detection chip.

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