Ganesh and Ushera
Cover Ganesh Bala and Ushera (Photo: Khairul Imran)

The Malayan Songbook puts the spotlight on classic musical numbers from early 20th-century Malaya

In 2016, Nona Ushera asked Ganesh Bala to produce her debut album, Semalam Di Malaya, which pays tribute to the music of Malaya from the 1940s to the 1950s. During the recording, it dawned on them that these popular Malayan classics will only get more difficult to find in the future.

This prompted the musical couple to begin compiling a book so that these classics can be memorialised in print. The book, titled The Malayan Songbook, is filled with musical manuscripts of timeless songs and they are accompanied with biographies of the respective composers.

Besides being a producer, a composer, a pianist, and a music educator at OUCH Music Academy, Ganesh can now add author to his resume. Singer-songwriter Ushera is a well-known jazz performer who enjoys mixing Latin funk into her repertoire.  

The newlyweds share more insights about the production of The Malayan Songbook.

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What inspired you to publish this book?

Ushera: My album Semalam di Malaya is a collection of songs from the pre-independence era. In the process of researching the songs for recording, Ganesh had transcribed hundreds of these songs into musical scores. We quickly realised that the scores, facts and lyrics for most of these tunes were not easily obtainable, some were even unavailable.

Two years later, Ganesh and I decided that we should share our findings with anyone who is interested in Malayan music and history. Hence, The Malayan Songbook.

Why do you think it’s important to have these songs recorded on paper?

Ganesh: If we look into classical music history, works by composers such as J.S.Bach or Mozart could withstand hundreds of years due to its availability as musical scores. Music written on scores give us the ability to precisely analyse the compositions. This allows future composers to study the composition and arrangement techniques, while musicians and music students could learn and perform the pieces. If Ludwig Köchel did not catalogue Mozart’s work in 1862, 71 years after the composer’s death, the world might not have known much about the 600 over compositions by Mozart’s, which inspired countless composers to come. 

I strongly believe that there are hidden gems in our own backyard. I hope the book will shine a spotlight on our very own composers, giving their tunes and tales a new life. 

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How many songs are in the book?

Ganesh: The Malayan Songbook consists of 18 classic Malay tunes and a specially rearranged medley of three famous swing numbers from the pre-independence era. So there are 21 songs in total. Compositions such as Arjunaku by Ahmad Jaafar, Kembang Desa by Yusof B. and Dunia Asmara by Ahmad Wan Yet are included in this book. The Malayan Songbook also contains essays and biographies of the singers, the composers and others who shaped the golden age of Malayan music.

The songs in 'The Malayan Songbook' represent the genesis of our contemporary music history. 

- Ushera -

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Ganesh
Above Ganesh is also a pianist and a music educator
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Ushera
Above Ushera is well-known for her live jazz performances

What do these songs represent in our music history? 

Ushera: The period of the 1900s to Merdeka is an interesting time in our nation's history. The British and Japanese occupancies, technological advancement in broadcasting, world wars, a booming multicultural society, and the fight for independence—all these moulded a remarkable concoction of culture and heritage. We could hear the fusion of Latin rhythms, jazz harmonies, Malay, Asli and Ghazal melodies performed with an array of Western and traditional instruments.

The songs come in a variety of colours and styles. With Alfonso Soliano leading our inaugural Radio Malaya orchestra, a distinct identity was born and it paved the way to our music industry today. The songs in The Malayan Songbook represent the genesis of our contemporary music history. 

What do you hope to achieve with the release of the book?

Ganesh: The Malayan Songbook is an excellent source for musicians and history lovers to dive into the details of Malayan music history. The staves of the scores are designed to be slightly more apart from each other to encourage musicians and musicologists in writing their own arrangement or harmonic analysis. The songbook allows Malaysians and the world to learn and appreciate the uniqueness of our music and culture, therefore preserving our music history.

At the moment, we are working on the second volume of the songbook, which we plan to release by the first quarter of 2023. The Malayan Songbook will have a total of five volumes and over 100 songs. It will be a magnificent catalogue of songs for our future generations to enjoy.  

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Ganesh and Ushera
Above The musical duo hopes to preserve original compositions from pre-independence days for future generations

What did you discover when you were putting The Malayan Songbook together?

Ushera: While going through the recordings from the National Archives and RTM, I couldn't believe the sheer number of songs that were produced during the time period. There were so many composers, singers and lyricists that I’ve never heard of.

What were the challenges?

Ganesh: Most of the Malayan tracks were recorded using open-reels. As time went by, the condition of these tapes deteriorated. Although RTM has done an amazing job in digitalising the recordings, the audio quality is still very poor in some of the songs. There were songs that were speeding up in tempo resulting in a change of key. Some songs that we found had an entire section missing. In others, the audio is so substandard to the point that I couldn't hear the notes or lyrics being sung.  

It is almost unfeasible to transcribe the songs in these conditions. I transferred the tracks into a digital audio workstation to repair any parts that were in need of one. The audio-enhanced tracks allowed me to transcribe the songs accurately. 

What did you enjoy most about working on this project?

Ganesh: Like most Malaysians, my introduction to Malayan music came from P. Ramlee’s movies and songs. Growing up watching P. Ramlee’s classics such as Anakku Sazali, Bujang Lapok, and Penarek Becha is still ingrained in my mind. The music was so distinct to the point that I still remember it today.

However, I only knew about P. Ramlee as a Malayan composer. I did not know much about other composers of the time until I produced Semalam di Malaya. Hence, another reason why I wanted to make this songbook so that everyone can know a little bit more about the era. I truly enjoyed discovering about people and their tales from this period of time. 

Do you plan to create an album off this book? 

Ushera: Most of the songs in the songbook can be heard in my album, Semalam di Malaya, available on all major streaming platforms. I had a great time recording these classic tunes. The musical scores gave Ganesh and me a whole different perspective on how we could develop the arrangement into something truly unique yet at the same time preserving the composer’s intended style. We are planning to set foot in the studio by the end of this year and I can’t wait to record and share more new recordings of Malayan tunes.  

Credits

Photography  

Imran Sulaiman

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