VENICE, ITALY - AUGUST 29: (EDITORS NOTE: Image has been converted to black and white.) Brad Pitt walks the red carpet ahead of the "Ad Astra" screening during the 76th Venice Film Festival at Sala Grande on August 29, 2019 in Venice, Italy. (Photo by Tristan Fewings/Getty Images)
Cover VENICE, ITALY - AUGUST 29: (EDITORS NOTE: Image has been converted to black and white.) Brad Pitt walks the red carpet ahead of the "Ad Astra" screening during the 76th Venice Film Festival at Sala Grande on August 29, 2019 in Venice, Italy. (Photo by Tristan Fewings/Getty Images)
VENICE, ITALY - AUGUST 29: (EDITORS NOTE: Image has been converted to black and white.) Brad Pitt walks the red carpet ahead of the "Ad Astra" screening during the 76th Venice Film Festival at Sala Grande on August 29, 2019 in Venice, Italy. (Photo by Tristan Fewings/Getty Images)

布萊德彼特近日為GQ雜誌拍攝封面訪問引起很大關注。除了拍攝風格不被網友青睞、認為把布萊德彼特拍得很像屍體,失去帥氣之外,布萊德彼特提及自己患有臉盲症也成為話題。

延伸閱讀:58歲布萊德彼特穿衣哲學:「老了脾氣古怪,穿得舒服格外重要!」最愛外套想穿30年、不當廣告看板

布萊德彼特布萊德彼特近日為GQ雜誌拍攝封面並且受訪,封面照片以非常藝術的手法呈現,但被網友譏為很像屍體引發大量轉發討論。

 

「同時擁有痛苦與快樂,那就是成長」

布萊德彼特在受訪時也提及自己一直感到很孤獨:「我在生活中總是感到非常孤獨,」他解釋,「從小就孤獨地長大,甚至此時此刻我也是孤獨的。」布萊德彼特說:「孤獨與不孤獨的界線是什麼?信不信由你,那取決於你什麼時候能夠與矛盾並存,當你同時擁有真正的痛苦與真正的快樂時,那就是成熟,就是成長。」

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LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA - SEPTEMBER 24: Brad Pitt participates in the roundtable discussion during the Breitling Summit on September 24, 2019 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Charley Gallay/Getty Images for Breitling)
Above LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA - SEPTEMBER 24: Brad Pitt participates in the roundtable discussion during the Breitling Summit on September 24, 2019 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Charley Gallay/Getty Images for Breitling)
LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA - SEPTEMBER 24: Brad Pitt participates in the roundtable discussion during the Breitling Summit on September 24, 2019 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Charley Gallay/Getty Images for Breitling)

曾因為臉盲而羞愧

他也提到他在聚會上常想努力記住新朋友,認得他們的臉,因為他擔心會被誤解為冷漠的、自私的人。但事實上,布萊德彼特即使很努力想記住他遇過的人卻常失敗,並且因為自己做不到而感到羞愧。

雖然從未被正式診斷,但布萊德彼特認為自己可能患有一種特殊的疾病:臉孔失認症(Prosopagnosia,Face Blindness),一種無法識別人臉的能力,也就是所謂的「臉盲」。

GQ作者則評論:「這個男人與在派對上冷落你的那個男人恰好相反,他是那個想看見你靈魂的人。

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CANNES, FRANCE - MAY 21: Brad Pitt attends the screening of "Once Upon A Time In Hollywood" during the 72nd annual Cannes Film Festival on May 21, 2019 in Cannes, France. (Photo by Vittorio Zunino Celotto/Getty Images)
Above CANNES, FRANCE - MAY 21: Brad Pitt attends the screening of "Once Upon A Time In Hollywood" during the 72nd annual Cannes Film Festival on May 21, 2019 in Cannes, France. (Photo by Vittorio Zunino Celotto/Getty Images)
CANNES, FRANCE - MAY 21: Brad Pitt attends the screening of "Once Upon A Time In Hollywood" during the 72nd annual Cannes Film Festival on May 21, 2019 in Cannes, France. (Photo by Vittorio Zunino Celotto/Getty Images)

什麼是臉盲症?

臉盲症,全名為「面部辨識能力缺乏症」 (Prosopagnosia, Face-blindness) 。

而英國國家衛生局認為,臉盲症分為先天與後天兩種,研究顯示每50個人中就有1人可能患有臉盲症,臉盲症還可分為後天因腦部損傷而發生的「獲得型臉盲症」,以及先天就有的「發展型臉盲症」。

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CANNES, FRANCE - MAY 22:  Actor Brad Pitt poses at the 'Killing Them Softly' photocall during the 65th Annual Cannes Film Festival at Palais des Festivals on May 22, 2012 in Cannes, France.  (Photo by Gareth Cattermole/Getty Images)
Above CANNES, FRANCE - MAY 22: Actor Brad Pitt poses at the 'Killing Them Softly' photocall during the 65th Annual Cannes Film Festival at Palais des Festivals on May 22, 2012 in Cannes, France. (Photo by Gareth Cattermole/Getty Images)
CANNES, FRANCE - MAY 22:  Actor Brad Pitt poses at the 'Killing Them Softly' photocall during the 65th Annual Cannes Film Festival at Palais des Festivals on May 22, 2012 in Cannes, France.  (Photo by Gareth Cattermole/Getty Images)

後天臉盲症:無法識別情緒或連結記憶

後天因為腦損傷得到臉盲症的比例較高,這類臉盲症患者分兩種:

一種是「感知型臉盲症」 (Apperceptive prosopagnosia),這種類型無法識別人的臉部特徵,也無法經由表情來分別人們的情緒,但可以透過像是服裝穿著、髮色、體型和聲音來辨別。

另一種則是「關聯型臉盲症」 (Associative prosopagnosia),他們可以分辨不同人的臉部差異,但是他們沒辦法藉由臉孔來連結有關這個人的記憶。

先天遺傳臉盲

至於先天就有臉盲症的人,屬於「發展型臉盲症」 (Developmental prosopagnosia),這種類型在兒童時期就很明顯,這不是腦部損傷,而是一種染色體的遺傳,他們不太能識別熟人或陌生人的臉。

不過不論是先天或後天,臉盲症患者大多數的智商都與正常人相似,記憶力也沒有異常,他們認不出人們並不是因為態度或記憶能力、識別方法有問題。

臉盲症患者的症狀

臉盲症的症狀從輕微到嚴重,可能會出現:

  • 無法持續認得或區分他們不熟悉的人的臉
  • 在不同環境中識別同一個人會感覺到非常困難
  • 無法識別親人的面孔(嚴重)
  • 無法識別自己的臉(嚴重)

而臉盲症還可能因此而導致社交障礙,因臉盲症患者在社交時常受到挫折,可能會因此害怕社交,也常見因此而出現憂鬱等症狀。

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VENICE, ITALY - AUGUST 29: (EDITORS NOTE: Image has been converted to black and white.) Brad Pitt walks the red carpet ahead of the "Ad Astra" screening during the 76th Venice Film Festival at Sala Grande on August 29, 2019 in Venice, Italy. (Photo by Tristan Fewings/Getty Images)
Above VENICE, ITALY - AUGUST 29: (EDITORS NOTE: Image has been converted to black and white.) Brad Pitt walks the red carpet ahead of the "Ad Astra" screening during the 76th Venice Film Festival at Sala Grande on August 29, 2019 in Venice, Italy. (Photo by Tristan Fewings/Getty Images)
VENICE, ITALY - AUGUST 29: (EDITORS NOTE: Image has been converted to black and white.) Brad Pitt walks the red carpet ahead of the "Ad Astra" screening during the 76th Venice Film Festival at Sala Grande on August 29, 2019 in Venice, Italy. (Photo by Tristan Fewings/Getty Images)

臉盲症可以治療嗎?

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Nicole Hsieh
Associate Director,Digital and Beauty Managing Editor, Tatler Taiwan
Tatler Asia

Contact me: nicole.hsieh@tatlerasia.com