22/02/1987: Died on this day American Pop artist and film maker Andy Warhol  America's pop-art painter and film-maker, Andy Warhol, stands in front of his double portrait of the late Hollywood film star, Marilyn Monroe, at the Tate Gallery, Millbank, at a press preview of his exhibition.   (Photo by PA Images via Getty Images)
Cover (Photo by PA Images via Getty Images)
22/02/1987: Died on this day American Pop artist and film maker Andy Warhol  America's pop-art painter and film-maker, Andy Warhol, stands in front of his double portrait of the late Hollywood film star, Marilyn Monroe, at the Tate Gallery, Millbank, at a press preview of his exhibition.   (Photo by PA Images via Getty Images)
普普藝術大師安迪沃荷(Andy Warhol)作品《瑪麗蓮夢露》你肯定看過,許多顏色、不斷重複的多個版本讓人印象深刻,其中一幅名為「被槍擊的鼠尾草藍色瑪麗蓮」(Shot Sage Blue Marilyn),這幅畫近日在佳士得拍賣中開出兩億美元的底價,創下拍賣紀錄,並且預計將在五月拍賣,究竟這幅大家都不陌生的畫作有什麼特殊之處?

1. 安迪沃荷瑪麗蓮夢露共有十個版本

瑪莉蓮夢露在1962年身亡之後,安迪沃荷(Andy Warhol)才開始創作瑪麗蓮夢露系列,他從雜誌封面取了瑪麗蓮夢露的影像,用機械複製、用絹印的方式來創造色彩,累計共有包括橘色、藍色、鼠尾草藍等十個不同顏色版本的瑪麗蓮夢露。安迪沃荷曾說:「一個人不化妝時,看起來讓人最想親吻;瑪麗蓮夢露的雙唇不屬於令人想親吻的嘴唇,但非常適合拍照。」

安迪沃荷利用重複複製的方式、誇張強烈的色彩來重製這位當時已經過世的女神,因為在瑪麗蓮夢露走後,媒體對於她神秘驟逝的死因和各種細節八卦追逐不已,安迪沃荷利用粗糙的方式來渲染再造瑪麗蓮夢露的影像,是以戲謔反諷的手法來呈現名聲易逝以及當時媒體的粗暴。

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(Original Caption) USA: Marilyn Monroe wearing a halter dress in the shot made famous by artist Andy Warhol.
Above (Original Caption) USA: Marilyn Monroe wearing a halter dress in the shot made famous by artist Andy Warhol.
(Original Caption) USA: Marilyn Monroe wearing a halter dress in the shot made famous by artist Andy Warhol.

2. 最便宜的《瑪麗蓮》版本僅售5000美元

鼠尾草藍色版本的瑪麗蓮夢露這次在佳士得拍賣會上開出兩億美元「底價」,其他版本的安迪沃荷瑪麗蓮夢露價錢如何呢?根據外媒報導,億萬富翁肯格里芬(Ken Griffin)支付了超過兩億美元購買橘色版;1994年,希臘航運大亨菲利普尼亞科斯 (Philip Niarchos)在藝術品市場低迷期間以 360 萬美元的價格買下了紅色版本。2007年,芝加哥收藏家斯特凡(Stefan Edlis)以8000萬美元價格出售了他的綠松石版畫。不過早在1967 年,報社主管彼得格蘭特(Peter Grant)買下淺藍色版本,僅僅花了5000美元。

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NEW YORK, NEW YORK - MARCH 21: A guest takes a photo during Christie's announcement that they will offer Andy Warhol’s Shot Sage Blue Marilyn painting of Marilyn Monroe at Christie’s on March 21, 2022 in New York City. The work comes to Christie’s from the Thomas and Doris Ammann Foundation Zurich and all proceeds of the sale will benefit the foundation. (Photo by Dia Dipasupil/Getty Images)
Above NEW YORK, NEW YORK - MARCH 21: A guest takes a photo during Christie's announcement that they will offer Andy Warhol’s Shot Sage Blue Marilyn painting of Marilyn Monroe at Christie’s on March 21, 2022 in New York City. The work comes to Christie’s from the Thomas and Doris Ammann Foundation Zurich and all proceeds of the sale will benefit the foundation. (Photo by Dia Dipasupil/Getty Images)
NEW YORK, NEW YORK - MARCH 21: A guest takes a photo during Christie's announcement that they will offer Andy Warhol’s Shot Sage Blue Marilyn painting of Marilyn Monroe at Christie’s on March 21, 2022 in New York City. The work comes to Christie’s from the Thomas and Doris Ammann Foundation Zurich and all proceeds of the sale will benefit the foundation. (Photo by Dia Dipasupil/Getty Images)

3. 本次是以慈善目的拍賣

鼠尾草藍色版本的瑪麗蓮夢露這次在佳士得拍賣會上開出兩億美元底價,出售的單位是位在蘇黎世的托馬斯和多麗絲阿曼基金會(Thomas And Doris Ammann Foundation),該基金會宗旨在於幫助兒童獲得醫療保健和教育。

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PARIS, FRANCE - OCTOBER 22: A visitor takes a picture of a painting entitled  'Salvator Mundi' by School of Leonardo da Vinci during a press visit of the exhibition "Leonardo da Vinci" at the Louvre museum on October 22, 2019 in Paris. France. This exceptional exhibition will commemorate the 500th anniversary of the death of the famous Italian artist and will be held from October 24, 2019 to February 24, 2020. (Photo by Chesnot/Getty Images)
Above PARIS, FRANCE - OCTOBER 22: A visitor takes a picture of a painting entitled  'Salvator Mundi' by School of Leonardo da Vinci during a press visit of the exhibition "Leonardo da Vinci" at the Louvre museum on October 22, 2019 in Paris. France. This exceptional exhibition will commemorate the 500th anniversary of the death of the famous Italian artist and will be held from October 24, 2019 to February 24, 2020. (Photo by Chesnot/Getty Images)
PARIS, FRANCE - OCTOBER 22: A visitor takes a picture of a painting entitled  'Salvator Mundi' by School of Leonardo da Vinci during a press visit of the exhibition "Leonardo da Vinci" at the Louvre museum on October 22, 2019 in Paris. France. This exceptional exhibition will commemorate the 500th anniversary of the death of the famous Italian artist and will be held from October 24, 2019 to February 24, 2020. (Photo by Chesnot/Getty Images)

4. 底價贏過達文西的《救世主》

鼠尾草藍色版本的瑪麗蓮夢露這次在佳士得拍賣會上開出兩億美元底價,外媒多半拿來與達文西的畫作《救世主》(Salvator Mundi)來比較。達文西《救世主》2017年在紐約佳士得戰後與現代藝術專拍締造4.5億美元紀錄(約135億新台幣,含佣金與手續費),由沙烏地阿拉伯的巴德王子(Bader Bin Abdullah Al Saud)買下。而當時這幅達文西《救世主》底價僅一億美元,比本次的瑪麗蓮夢露還少了一半,因此專家們推估這幅鼠尾草藍色的瑪麗蓮夢露最終成交價格應該會高於達文西畫作《救世主》,創下更高紀錄。

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22/02/1987: Died on this day American Pop artist and film maker Andy Warhol  America's pop-art painter and film-maker, Andy Warhol, stands in front of his double portrait of the late Hollywood film star, Marilyn Monroe, at the Tate Gallery, Millbank, at a press preview of his exhibition.   (Photo by PA Images via Getty Images)
Above (Photo by PA Images via Getty Images)
22/02/1987: Died on this day American Pop artist and film maker Andy Warhol  America's pop-art painter and film-maker, Andy Warhol, stands in front of his double portrait of the late Hollywood film star, Marilyn Monroe, at the Tate Gallery, Millbank, at a press preview of his exhibition.   (Photo by PA Images via Getty Images)

5. 被槍擊過而得名《槍擊瑪麗蓮》

這幅天價畫作名為《槍擊鼠尾草藍瑪麗蓮》(Shot Sage Blue Marilyn),其實畫作的名稱隱藏一個驚人的故事!安迪沃荷在1964年完成五幅瑪麗蓮夢露畫作,包括紅色、橘色、鼠尾草藍色、藍色、綠松石色,其中四幅放在牆角,一位名叫桃樂絲波德柏(Dorothy Podber)的女性,穿著黑皮衣、帶著白手套,牽著一隻大丹狗走進安迪沃荷的工作室,並且詢問:「我是否可以射擊(Shoot,也有拍攝的含義)一些畫作呢?」安迪沃荷以為她的意思是「拍攝」畫作,因此就同意了。不料桃樂絲立即脫下手套、掏出一把德國製小手槍,朝牆角這堆瑪麗蓮夢露開了一槍,據現場工作人員描述:「這一槍正中瑪麗蓮夢露雙眼之間。」原來桃樂絲是一位女權運動者,同時也自稱是行動藝術家,她被永久禁止進入安迪沃荷的工廠,而這一堆瑪麗蓮夢露中除了綠松石色版本不在其列,其他四幅紅色、橘色、鼠尾草藍色、藍色的瑪麗蓮夢露都被以補丁修復。安迪沃荷並且將其取名為《槍擊瑪麗蓮》。雖然桃樂絲看似破壞了作品,但這系列作品卻因彈孔補丁而價位水漲船高,而後人也評論為,桃樂絲成功地強迫安迪沃荷和自己合作了一系列藝術品,即使安迪沃荷並不喜歡這樣。

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Nicole Hsieh
Associate Director,Digital and Beauty Managing Editor, Tatler Taiwan
Tatler Asia

Contact me: nicole.hsieh@tatlerasia.com