Cover Trains are becoming a favoured means of transportation for short trips. (Photo: The Vietage)
Trains are becoming a favoured means of transportation for short trips. (Photo: The Vietage)
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In recent years, trains have emerged as a popular mode of transport for short journeys, largely due to their lower emissions compared to planes and cars.
The World Travel & Tourism Council reports that 8–10% of global CO₂ emissions are attributed to tourism, with the majority of emissions generated during travel. Notably, the longer the journey, the greater the environmental impact.
According to data from the Global Carbon Budget, global CO₂ emissions reached 36.6 billion tons in 2022. By contrast, in 1950, total emissions were 6 billion tons, rising to 22 billion tons by 1990.
In Vietnam, the World Bank states that transport activities generate an average of 50 million tons of CO₂ annually, with emissions expected to increase by 6–7% each year. This underscores the continuing rise in global CO₂ emissions.
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These statistics highlight the fact that, while the tourism industry brings economic benefits to many regions and countries, it also contributes to negative environmental impacts. In addition to spreading awareness about the downsides of tourism, it is important for travellers to consider their choice of transport for each trip.
All forms of transport emit CO₂, but travellers have the power to choose options that reduce their environmental impact. For short trips, trains, for instance, present a better alternative, emitting far less carbon than planes.
Train travel: reducing emissions and offering a ‘slow travel’ experience
To help mitigate emissions, many tourists are now opting for rail transport, along with cycling and walking, to explore natural destinations. These modes of travel not only lessen environmental harm but also offer more authentic and enriching experiences.
For short journeys, trains are becoming the preferred choice for many. A 2022 study by the US Department of Transportation found that a train journey from Los Angeles to San Diego emits 50% less carbon than flying or driving. Furthermore, on electrified routes, the train between Boston and New York produces five times less carbon than both flying and driving.
Beyond their emissions benefits, trains offer passengers the chance to enjoy breathtaking natural landscapes. Travelling by train also embraces the “slow travel” concept, promoting sustainable tourism. Most rail routes pass through stunning scenery, from rolling plains and hills to the coast.
The moderate pace of the train allows passengers to take in the views at their leisure, whether admiring the vistas or capturing perfect moments.
Moreover, train travel for short trips offers a more comfortable and enjoyable experience. Unlike car or air travel, passengers need not worry about traffic jams, security checks, baggage rules, or long waiting times.
Trains also operate with minimal noise and vibration, enhancing the possibility of a peaceful sleep or the chance to read and enjoy the scenery. Some services even provide WiFi and power outlets, allowing travellers to work, study, or simply relax.
Challenges and development potential of railway vehicles for the ‘green tourism’ trend
Railbookers, a rail booking platform, reported a 30% growth in revenue for 2024, with cruise bookings in early 2025 up by 31% compared to the same period last year. This reflects a growing concern for sustainability among global travellers, with increasing demand for short-distance train travel. To meet this rising demand, train operators are continually enhancing and upgrading their services.
In addition, the rise of luxury trains is becoming increasingly prominent. In March 2025, Belmond, the luxury travel and hotel services company owned by LVMH, revealed plans to launch two new luxury train projects. Similarly, in 2025, Accor and luxury hotel group Arsenale will introduce the La Dolce Vita Orient Express, a venture designed to offer a unique and lavish experience for train travellers.
In Vietnam, the North-South Thong Nhat railway line is also undergoing continuous improvements, with a notable focus on enhancing service quality. This route has earned recognition from international media outlets such as CNN, Discova, and the Lonely Planet travel guide. Over the years, the railway line has been upgraded, with luxury 5-star trains being introduced to elevate the travel experience.
Learn more: Follow the train across Vietnam
Vietnam’s railway industry is also keen to offer passengers more immersive experiences that showcase local culture and history. One example is the “Hoa Phuong Do” train, which will connect Hanoi and Hai Phong and is set to launch in May 2025. This new service has garnered attention from travellers, with Vietnam Railways Corporation noting that the train will feature two VIP carriages, offering luxurious interiors, live musicians, and a bar. The station itself will be designed in the style of a “living museum,” allowing visitors to engage with historical railway models and old trains while capturing memorable photos.
Above The “Red Flamboyant” train connecting Hanoi and Hai Phong boasts a luxurious and nostalgic design. (Photo: Hai Phong Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism)
The “Red Flamboyant” train connecting Hanoi and Hai Phong boasts a luxurious and nostalgic design. (Photo: Hai Phong Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism)
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However, the rail travel industry still faces numerous sustainability challenges. Train operators are actively exploring the use of cleaner, more environmentally friendly fuels. Efforts are also underway to improve engine efficiency, enhance filtration systems, and transition to electricity or biofuels in the long term.
Airplanes remain a convenient choice for long-haul trips. Nevertheless, travellers can help reduce emissions by opting for trains on shorter journeys. In addition, research published by the European Environment Agency (EEA) in March 2021 indicates that sea transport is another viable option, with lower emissions than both planes and cars.
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